JSCS - Vol 64, No 7-8

JSCS Vol 64, No. 7-8

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 397-442 (1999)
UDC 668.53.03:547.596/.597:547-314
JSCS-2681
Review paper

R E V I E W
Sesquiterpene lactones from the Yugoslavian wild growing plant families Asteraceae and Apiaceae

SLOBODAN MILOSAVLJEVIC, VANJA BULATOVIC* and MILUTIN STEFANOVIC

Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 16, P.O.Box 158, YU-11001 Belgrade and
*Institute for Medicinal Plant Research "Dr. Josif Pancic", Tadeusa Koscuska 1, YU-11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

(Received 4 February 1999)
1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Asteraceae
3.1. Genus Artemisia L.
3.1.1. Artemisia annua L.
3.1.2. Artemisia vulgaris L.
3.1.3. Artemisia absinthium L. (warmwood)
3.1.4. Artemisia scoparia W. et K.
3.1.5. Artemisia camprestris L.
3.2. Genus Ambrosia L.
3.2.1. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (the common rag weed)
3.3. Genus Tanacetum L. (syn. Chrysanthemum L.)
3.3.1. Tanacetum parthenium L. (feverfew)
3.3.2. Tanacetum serotinum L.
3.3.3. Tanacetum vulgare L. (tansy)
3.3.4. Tanacetum macrophyllum Willd.
3.3.5. Tanacetum corymbosum L.
3.4. Genus Telekia Baumg.
3.4.1. Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg.
3.5. Genus Inula L.
3.5.1. Inula helenium L.
3.5.2. Inula spiraeifolia L.
3.6. Genus Eupatorium L.
3.6.1. Eupatorium cannabinum L.
3.7. Genus Achillea L.
3.7.1. Achillea abrotanoides Vis.
3.7.2. Achillea millefolium subsp. pannonica
3.7.3. Achillea crithmifolia W. et K.
3.7.4. Achillea clypeolata Sibth. et Sm.
3.7.5. Achillea serbica Nyman
3.7.6. Achillea depressa Janka
3.8. Genus Anthemis L.
3.8.1. Anthemis carpatica Willd.
3.8.2. Anthemis cretica L. subsp. cretica
3.9. Genus Centaurea L.
3.9.1. Centaurea derventana Vis. et Panc.
3.9.2. Centaurea kosaninii Hayek
3.9.3. Centaurea solstitialis L.
4. Apiaceae
4.1. Genus Laserpitium L.
4.1.1. Laserpitium siler L.
4.1.2. Laserpitium marginatum L.
4.1.3. Laserpitium latifolium L.
4.1.4. Laserpitium alpinum W. K.
4.2. Genus Angelica L.
4.2.1. Angelica silvestris L.
4.3. Genus Peucedanum L.
4.3.1. Peucedanum austriacum (Jacq.) Koch

Key words: Sesquiterpene lactones, Yugoslavian wild growing plants, Asteraceae, Apiaceae.

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 443-446 (1999)
UDC 547.21/.218.4
JSCS-2682
Original scientific paper

Alkanes from plants of the genus Achillea

RADOSAV PALIC, TIMOTHY I. EGLINTON*, BRYAN C. BENITEZ-NELSON*, GEOFFREY EGLINTON*, JASMINA VELICKOVIC and GORDANA STOJANOVIC

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cirila i Metodija 2, 18000 Nis, Yugoslavia, and
*Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA

(Received 15 January 1999)
The hydrocarbon fractions of three species of Achillea L. have been analysed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and were shown to consist of the conventional, odd-carbon number dominant distributions of n-alkane homologues (C₂₂-C₃₅). n-Nonacosane (C₂₉) is the main compound (ca. 40%), and the carbon preference index (CPI) is high (ca. 11)

Key words: Achillea, n-alkanes, n-nonacosane.

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 447-452 (1999)
UDC 547.571:66.095.25:547.1'13:547.53'.032
JSCS-2683
Original scientific paper

A simple model for chiral amplification in the aminoalcohol-catalyzed reaction of aldehydes with dialkylzinc

IVAN GUTMAN

Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, P.O.Box 60, YU-34000 Kragujevac, Yugoslavia

(Received 2 March 1999)
A simple explanation is offered for the recently discovered chiral amplification in the alkylation reaction of benzaldehyde by means of dialkylzinc, catalyzed by (dimethylamino)isoborneol. The model presentd is similar to, yet somewhat simpler than, the model put forward by Noyori et al.

Key words: chiral stereoselection, chiral amplification, chiral catalysis, asymmetric synthesis.

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 453-462 (1999)
UDC 547.979.732:547.584/(547.582.2)
JSCS-2684
Original scientific paper

Supramolecular assemblies of pyridyl porphyrin and diazadithia phthalocyanine

RODICA-MARIANA ION, ISMAIL YILMAZ* and OZER BEKAROGLU*

Zecasin S.A., Photochem. Dept., Splaiul Independentei 202, Bucharest-79611, Romania and
*Technical University of Instanbul, Faculty of Science and Letters, 80626-Maslak, Instanbul, Turkey

(Received 8 May 1998, revised 2 March 1999)
In this paper we report for the first time on a mixed complex between the cationic porphyrin 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra-N- -methyl-pyrydinium-p-il porphyrin (TMPyP) and a new metal phthalocyanine with four 16-membered diazadithia macrocycles (denoted here as Pc16), in order to obtain an active complex with an intense absorption on the lower energy side of the visible spectrum and with a higher sensitivity in photodynamic therapy of cancer. The dimerization constant for Pc16 and also the ratio between the oscillator strengths for monomeric and dimeric forms of this compound, were evaluated. The ratio between these oscillator strengths was 2.01 showing a certain dimerization process. The Job mathematical method allowed the establishment of the stoichiometry and the formation constants for the heteroaggregates between the porphyrin and the phthalocy- anine (a diad between one phthalocyanine molecule and one porphyrin molecule and a triad between two phthalocyanine molecules and only one porphyrin molecule). The coulombic attraction resulting from the p-p interaction of the two highly conjugated macrocycles and from the interaction between the substituents, favors a face-to-face geometry.

Key words: porphyrin, phthalocyanine, heteroaggregation, coordination chemistry.

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 463-470 (1999)
UDC 546.291'48''; 549.31:548.2/.25
JSCS-2685
Original scientific paper

Investigation of Hg_1-xCd_xTe epitaxial vapor phase growth under isothermal conditions

VESNA JOVIC and ZORAN DJINOVIC

Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - Institute of Microelectronic Technologies and Single Crystals, Njegoseva 12, YU-11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

(Received 21 December 1998, revised 10 March 1999)
The Hg_1-xCd_xTe layers were grown by vapor phase epitaxy on Cd-terminated s111c CdTe single crystal substrates from a HgTe solid source under isothermal conditions in a semi-closed system with controlled Hg vapor pressure. The growth kinetics were investigated in the temperature region from 420 °C to 550 °C with different source to substrate spacings, varying from 1 to 11 mm. It was found that the dependence of the growth rate on temperature could be well described by an Arrhenius type equation with an activation energy of 80 kJ/mol in the investigated temperature interval. The activation energies for the crystallization were the same for all the investigated source to substrate spacing. This activation energy value points to the importance of a solid-state diffusion process in the Hg_1-xCd_xTe/CdTe epitaxial couple obtained by isothermal growth under the given experimental conditions.

Key words: mercury cadmium telluride, isothermal vapor phase epitaxy, two-zone semi closed system, growth rate dependence on temperature.

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 471-481 (1999)
UDC 547.392.4+547.295.92:532.785/.787
JSCS-2686
Original scientific paper

The kinetics of the solidification of highly supersaturated solutions of palmitic acid in oleic acid: a comparison between two models

JOSE ALBERTO GALLEGOS-INFANTE and RAMIRO RICO-MARTINEZ*

Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Facultad de Quimica, Departamento de Investigacion y Posgrado en Alimentos (DIPA), Centro Universitario Cerro de las Campanas s/n, C.P. 76010, Quer‚taro, Qro., Mexico,
**Instituto Tecnologico de Celaya, Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica, Av. Tecnologico y Garcia Cubas s/n,
Celaya, Gto., 38010 Mexico

(Received 21 July 1998, revised 25 February 1999)
The crystallization of fatty acids is very important in industrial applications and biological systems. A comparison between theoretical models and experimental data helps in clarifying mechanistic aspects of these systems. In this contribution, we compare the performance of two models in fitting data from the crystallization of supersaturated solutions of palmitic acid in oleic acid. One of the models was developed by Avrami and the other is based on considering diffusion as limiting (the D-model). The D-model fitted the data better than the Avrami model in all cases. The D-model has a low value of the regression coefficient (r², lower than 0.9) in only three cases. For these points, the thermodynamic force was smaller. Differences in the parameter n (an index of dimensionality) were observed; these differences indicate that clusters were present previous to the crystallization process. Furthermore, there appears to be a difference in the mechanism of crystallization of pure solutions of palmitic acid and solutions with a small fraction of oleic acid. Thus, one is lead to the conclusion that the rate of crystallization of fatty acids at high concentrations is limited by diffusion.

Key words: palmitic acid, nucleation, Avrami, diffusion, non-linear regression, models.

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J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 64(7-8) 483-493 (1999)
UDC 543.251:546.57:532.6
JSCS-2687
Original scientific paper

The role of surface defects in HOPG on the electrochemical and physical deposition of Ag

S. STRBAC, Z. RAKOCEVIC*, K. I. POPOV**, M. G. PAVLOVIC and R. PETROVIC***

ICTM-Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Belgrade, P.O.Box 815, YU-11001 Belgrade,
*Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, P.O.Box 522, YU-11001 Belgrade,
**Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, P.O.Box 3503, YU-11020 Belgrade and
***ICTM-Institute of Microelectronic Technologies and Single Crystals, University of Belgrade, P.O.Box 815, YU-11001 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

(Received 26 February 1999)
The role of defects on a substrate surface during the initial stages of nucleation and growth of Ag deposited electrochemically and physically on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) has been observed ex situ by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The silver was electrodeposited under current controlled electrochemical conditions at 26 µA/cm2, which corresponded to a deposition rate of 0.1 monolayers (ML) per second. For comparison, physical deposition of Ag on HOPG was performed by DC Ar⁺ ion sputtering, at the same deposition rate and for the same deposition times. In both cases, Ag grows in an island growth mode, but the distribution of the islands appears to be quite different. In physical deposition, the Ag islands are almost homogeneously distributed over the substrate surface and a slight accumulation of islands on steps does not contribute significantly to the overall morphology. This indicates the crucial role of point defects on the substrate in the initial stages of nucleation. In electrochemical deposition, more lined defects are observed after a flow of current, and their role in the beginning of the nucleation is more pronounced. Lined defects are responsible for the string-like shaped domains of deposited atoms. Also, the existence of string-like shaped nucleation exclusion zones is indicated. The problem of the formation of nucleation exclusion zones, which appear only in electrochemical deposition, has been reconsidered and a new explanaton of their formation is given. A mathematical model for the calculation of the radius of the nucleation exclusion zone has been developed.

Key words: surface defects, electrodeposition, silver, HOPG, scanning tunneling microscopy.

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Erratum (54 KB WinZip file)

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