J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 707–716 (2009)
UDC 618.36+612.6:612.349.8:576.314; JSCS–3869; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907707M; Original scientific paper

IGFBP-1 forms associated with placental cell membranes
ROMANA MASNIKOSA, BOGOVID ŽIVKOVIĆ and OLGICA NEDIĆ
INEP-Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31 b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia

(Received 9 March, revised 7 April 2009)

Fetal growth in utero depends on the proper development and function of the placenta. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are critically involved in placental development. During pregnancy, an IGF-binding protein, IGFBP-1, which is produced by maternal decidua, plays an important role in the control of the bioavailability of IGFs. It has recently been proposed that cleavage of decidual IGFBP-1 by matrix metalloproteases is a novel mechanism in the control of placental development. The presence of IGFBP-1 in solubilized placental cell membranes, i.e. its association with the membranes, was detected in an earlier work. Herein, it is shown that IGFBP-1 from the solubilized membranes forms dimers, as well as high molecular mass complexes. IGFBP-1 dimers preferably contain the non-phosphorylated form of IGFBP-1. The high molecular mass forms are polymers of IGFBP-1 or its complexes with other membrane proteins. Dimerization of IGFBP-1, together with its association with the placental cell membrane, could serve as an additional mechanism of the regulation of IGF availability to the type 1 IGF receptors.

Keywords: IGFBP-1 dimers; placenta; IGFBP-1 phosphoisoforms.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 717–732 (2009)
UDC 635.71+635.74:546.264–31+66.061; JSCS–3870; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907717I; Original scientific paper

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of antioxidants from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.)
JASNA IVANOVIĆ*, SONJA ĐILAS**, MILKA JADRANIN***, VLATKA VAJS***, NADA BABOVIĆ*^,****, SLOBODAN PETROVIĆ*^,***** and IRENA ŽIŽOVIĆ*
*University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

**University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia

***Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

****Faculty of Applied Ecology, Singidunum University, Bulevar Mihaila Pupina 12a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

*****Hemofarm group, Vršac, Serbia

(Received 20 November 2008, revised 13 January 2009)

The aim of the present study was to isolate and characterize antioxidant extracts obtained from dried leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.), originating from the southern Balkan Region. The antioxidant fraction was isolated from the plant material by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) fractional extraction under a pressure of 30 MPa and at temperatures of 40 and 100 °C. In the present study, kinetic data and yields of antioxidant extracts obtained from dried leaves of rosemary and sage under different conditions were determined. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy assay on the ability of the extracts to scavenge stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and reactive hydroxyl radicals during the Fenton reaction trapped by 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) showed that the investigated extracts had antioxidant activity comparable to that of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and commercial rosemary extract. The antioxidant fractions isolated at the higher temperature had higher antioxidant activities. A tentative analysis of the chemical composition of the antioxidant fractions obtained at the higher temperature was accomplished by LC-DAD and LC-MS analytical methods. Abietane-type diterpenoids, flavonoids and fatty acids were identified in the SC-CO₂ extract of rosemary and sage.

Keywords: rosemary; sage; supercritical extraction; antioxidant; DPPH; hydroxyl radicals.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 733–743 (2009)
UDC 547.82+542.44+542.913:57–188:615.281/.282; JSCS–3871; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907733K;  Original scientific paper

Synthesis of some biologically active 2,4’-bipyridine-5-carbonitriles carrying the 4-hydroxyphenylthio moiety
T. KARABASANAGOUDA, AIRODY VASUDEVA ADHIKARI* and G. PARAMESHWARAPPA**

SeQuent Scientific Ltd., New Mangalore-575011, India

*Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Srinivasnagar-575025, India

**Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585106, India

(Received 2 June 2008, revised 26 March 2009)

A series of new 4-aryl-2’-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)thio]-6oxo-1,6-dihydro-2,4’-bipyridine-5-carbonitriles (3a–k) and 6-AMino-4aryl-2’-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)thio]-2,4’-bipyridine-5-carbonitriles (4a–h) were synthesized from 4-hydroxythiophenol (1). The reaction of 4-hydroxythiophenol with 4-acetyl-2-chloropyridine yielded 1-{2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)thio]pyridin-4-yl}ethanone (2). Further treatment of 2 with ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of AMmonium acetate with various aromatic aldehydes furnished the compounds 3a–k. On the other hand, condensation of 2 with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of alcoholic malononitrile in AMmonium acetate gave compounds 4a–h. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established on the basis of their elemental analysis, as well as their IR, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR and mass spectral data. All the title compounds were subjected to in vitro antibacterial testing against two strains and antifungal screening against two fungi. Some of the compounds showed promising activity.

Keywords: 2,4’-bipyridine-5-carbonitriles; 3-cynopyridines; antibacterial; antifungal.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 745–754 (2009)
UDC 541.18:546.732’742’562’472+547.461.4; JSCS–3872; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907745S; Original scientific paper

Effect of micelles on the chemical speciation of binary complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II)and Zn(II) with succinic acid
BATHULA SRIKANTH, PEDADA SRINIVASA RAO, VASA SAMBA SIVA RAO, CHARLA KAMALA SASTRY and GOLLAPALLI NAGESWARA RAO
School of Chemistry, Andhra University, VisakhapatnAM-530 003, India

(Received 13 December 2008, revised 13 February 2009)

Speciation of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with succinic acid in the presence of anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants at an ionic strength of 0.16 mol dm^-3 and temperature 303 K were investigated pH metrically. The existence of different binary complex species was established from modelling studies using the computer progrAM MINIQUAD75. The decreased stability of the complexes with increasing micellar content was explained by electrostatic forces. The influence of the micelles on the chemical speciation is discussed based on the mole fraction of the medium. Distribution diagrAMs of various species of the complexes in relation to pH are presented.

Keywords: succinic acid; speciation; essential metals; binary complexes; micelles.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 755–764 (2009)
UDC 546.661+546.650:548.7:544.553.537:621.315.59; JSCS–3873; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907755C; Original scientific paper

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 765–771 (2009)

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 773–779 (2009)

UDC 66.088:546.26–162:531.728:53.086; JSCS–3875; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907773R; Original scientific paper

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 781–787 (2009)

UDC 546.661:66.061+546.11’535+546.212+547.546; JSCS–3876; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907781M; Short communication

SHORT COMMUNICATION

Distribution of micro-AMounts of europium in the two-phase water–HCl–nitrobenzene–N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-diphenyl-2,6-di-picolinAMide–hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate extraction system

EMANUEL MAKRLÍK, PETR VAŇURA*, PAVEL SELUCKÝ**, VASILY A. BABAIN*** and IVAN V. SMIRNOV***

Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Husova 11, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic

*Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic

**Nuclear Research Institute, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic

***Khlopin Radium Institute, Research andProduction Association, St. Petersburg, Russia

(Received 31 July 2008, revised 4 February 2009)

Extraction of micro-AMounts of europium by a nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H⁺B^-) in the presence of N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-diphenyl-2,6-dipicolinAMide (MePhDPA, L) was investigated. The equilibrium data were explained assuming that the species HL⁺, HL⁺₂, HL³⁺₂ and HL³⁺₃ are extracted into the organic phase. The values of the extraction and stability constants of the species in nitrobenzene saturated with water were determined.

Keywords: europium; hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate; N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-diphenyl-2,6-dipicolinAMide; water–nitrobenzene system; extraction and stability constants.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 789–799 (2009)        

UDC 543.552:546.48:546.74; JSCS–3877, doi: 10.2298/JSC0907789A; Original scientific paper

Net analyte signal standard addition method for the simultaneous determination of cadmium and nickel

KARIM ASADPOUR-ZEYNALI, MIR REZA MAJIDI and MASOUD TAHMASEBPOUR

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666 16471, Iran

(Received 18 December 2008, revised 10 April 2009)

A novel net analyte signal standard addition method (NASSAM) is presented for the simultaneous determination of Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ in their mixture by differential pulse polarography. The method combines the advantages of the standard addition method with the net analyte signal concept, which enables the extraction of information concerning a certain analyte from voltAMmogrAMs of multi-component mixtures. This method has some advantages, such as: the use of a full voltAMmogrAM, realization in a single step, therefore it does not require calibration and prediction steps and only a few measurements are required for the determination. The simultaneous determination of Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ was performed in Britton–Robinson buffer (pH 2.87) and 0.40 M potassium thiocyanate solution.

Keywords: differential pulse polarography; simultaneous determination; net analyte signal; standard addition method.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 801–816 (2009)

UDC 54–148+66.063.61:532.135:543; JSCS–3878; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907801V; Original scientific paper

Rheological and droplet size analysis of W/O/W multiple emulsions containing low concentrations of polymeric emulsifiers

DRAGANA D. VASILJEVIĆ, JELENA V. PAROJČIĆ, MARIJA M. PRIMORAC and GORDANA M. VULETA

Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia

(Received 19 December 2008, revised 30 March 2009)

Multiple emulsions are complex dispersion systems which have many potential applications in pharmaceutics, cosmetics and the food industry. In practice, however, significant problems may arise because of their thermodynAMic instability. In this study, W/O/W multiple emulsion systems containing low concentration levels of lipophilic polymeric primary emulsifiers cetyl dimethicone copolyol and PEG–30 dipolyhydroxystearate were evaluated. The concentrations of the primary emulsifiers were set at 1.6 and 2.4 % w/w in the final emulsions. Rheological and droplet size analysis of the investigated sAMples showed that the type and concentration of the primary lipophilic polymeric emulsifier markedly affected the characteristics of the multiple emulsions. The multiple emulsion prepared with 2.4 % w/w PEG–30 dipolyhydroxystearate as the primary emulsifier exhibited the highest apparent viscosity, yield stress and elastic modulus values, as well as the smallest droplet size. Furthermore, these parAMeters remained relatively constant over the study period, confirming the high stability of the investigated sAMple. The results obtained indicate that the changes observed in the investigated sAMples over time could be attributed to the swelling/breakdown mechanism of the multiple droplets. Such changes could be adequately monitored by rheological and droplet size analysis.

Keywords: W/O/W emulsions; polymeric emulsifiers; rheology; droplet size analysis.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 817–831 (2009)

UDC 54.02.004.12:621.793:544.654.2+546.74:539.4; JSCS–3879; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907817L; Original scientific paper

Micromechanical and structural properties of nickel coatings electrodeposited on two different substrates

JELENA LAMOVEC, VESNA JOVIĆ, RADOSLAV ALEKSIĆ* and VESNA RADOJEVIĆ*

Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy – Center of Microelectronic Technologies and Single Crystals, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, Serbia

*Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia

(Received 23 December 2008, revised 14 April 2009)

Fine-structured nickel coatings were electrodeposited from a sulfAMate-based electrolyte onto different substrates: polycrystalline cold-rolled copper and single crystal silicon with (111) orientation. The influence of the substrate layers and chosen plating conditions on the mechanical and structural properties of these composite structures were investigated by Vickers microhardness testing for different loads. Above a certain critical penetration depth, the measured hardness value was not the hardness of the electrodeposited film, but the so-called “composite hardness”, because the substrate also participated in the plastic deformations during the indentation process. Two composite hardness models (Chicot–Lesage and Korsunsky), constructed on different principles, were chosen and applied to the experimental data in order to distinguish film and substrate hardness. The microhardness values of the electrodeposited nickel layers were mainly influenced by the current density. Increasing the current density led to a decrease in grain size, which resulted in higher values of the microhardness.

Keywords: Vickers microhardness; composite hardness; hardness models; nickel electrodeposition; sulfAMate-based electrolyte.

J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 74 (7) 833–843 (2009)

UDC 666.32+66–96+577.112.386:549.25/.28+66.081; JSCS–3880; doi: 10.2298/JSC0907833F; Original scientific paper

Sorption performance of cysteine-modified bentonite in heavy metals uptake

HOSSEIN FAGHIHIAN and MASSOUD NEJATI-YAZDINEJ

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, I. R. Iran

(Received 27 December 2008, revised 12 March 2009)

A local clay, bentonite (N-Ben), was modified by the biologically-based ligand, cysteine (Cys), through a simple sorption technique. The modified sorbent (Cys–Ben) demonstrated affinity for soft and moderately soft heavy metal ions (HMI), such as Cd(II) and Pb(II), probably as a result of the soft basic character of the thiol ligand side chains. The resulting modified system was effective for metal binding with capacities of 0.503 and 0.525 mmol g^-1, for Pb(II) and Cd(II), respectively. Comparative batch experiments were performed for removing lead and cadmium from aqueous solutions. The sorption parAMeters were derived from a Langmuir fit to the sorption isotherms of the studied ions. The study showed that the sorption capacity of Cys–Ben was higher than that of N-Ben for these ions. The effect of pH was exAMined over the range 2.0–6.0. The sorption capacities of Cys–Ben showed that this modified clay is a good sorbent for the exAMined heavy metal ions.

Keywords: bentonite; modification; sorption; cysteine; heavy metal ions.

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